Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS)

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PREMENSTRUAL SYNDROME AT HCA HEALTHCARE UK

Why choose us?
We understand the physical and emotional effects PMS can have, and we never dismiss or underestimate its impact. AT HCA UK, our experienced women’s health consultants are ready to provide focused treatment for your symptoms and help get you back to living life on your own terms. 

If you’re diagnosed with PMS or PMDD, we'll recommend the best ways to treat and manage it, and you’ll also have access to dedicated teams including psychologists, physiotherapists and dietitians. 

Whatever your symptoms or experiences, we’re committed to helping you. 
Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is the clinical name for the physical, emotional and behavioural symptoms that can happen in the two weeks before your period. It's also sometimes referred to as premenstrual tension (PMT). PMS can cause a wide range of symptoms, from bloating to irritability, as well as having a significant effect on your emotions and behaviour.  

It's a very common women's health issue, but the severity and duration of your PMS symptoms will be totally specific and individual to you. It can affect anyone who has periods, at any time, and it’s common for your symptoms to change as you get older, or even from one month to the next.   

You might experience a variety of emotional, physical and behavioural symptoms, often in combination. They’ll usually happen one or two weeks before your period, after you’ve ovulated.

PMS can cause physical symptoms like:

  • bloating
  • breast pain
  • headaches
  • tiredness
  • stomach cramps
  • spots, acne or other skin changes
  • changes in your appetite

As well as your physical symptoms, you might also experience changes in your emotions and behaviour:

  • irritability
  • feeling anxious
  • feeling upset
  • frequent mood changes
  • loss or lack of interest in sex
  • difficulty sleeping

Some studies suggest that over 90% of women who have periods will experience at least one of these symptoms without needing treatment. But we know that PMS can be much more intense for some people, so you should get in touch with us if you’re concerned in any way.

If you’re experiencing extreme symptoms that are having a significant impact on your life, you might have a more severe form of PMS called premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD). PMDD can result in severe depression and suicidal thoughts and usually needs to be treated.

If you're having suicidal feelings, please seek emergency help.

There’s no definitive medical explanation for what causes PMS, but many experts believe that it’s connected to changes in your brain chemicals and hormone levels. After you’ve ovulated, your body’s ready for pregnancy, and when that doesn’t happen, your oestrogen and progesterone levels drop. These changes could be what causes the physical and emotional symptoms of your PMS. 

It’s understandable to think PMS is just a part of everyday life, but there’s support and treatment available. If your PMS is causing you significant pain or distress, then it might help to get in touch with us.

A women’s health GP is a good place to start. Our appointment times are extended, so you’ll have all the time and space you need to talk about your symptoms and concerns.  

If you’ve already visited a GP or you have a referral, our consultant gynaecologists can offer tests, support and any treatments you need. 

Need to talk about your PMS?

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PMS TESTS AND SCANS AT HCA UK

Get the answers and support you need

There’s no specific single way to test whether you’re suffering from PMS. But our specialists will take time to look at your physical and mental symptoms and see how they relate to your menstrual cycle. They’ll talk to you about how severe the impact is, discuss potential treatments and suggest ways to make your PMS more manageable.

  • Appointments within 24 hours
  • Extended women’s health appointments
  • PMS and PMDD subspecialists
  • Dedicated women's health centres  
  • Holistic care, including psychology 
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PMS TREATMENTS AT HCA UK

Making effective changes

If your PMS is severe, then you might need medication or specific treatment, but your consultant will usually recommend lifestyle changes to begin with. They might include:

  • Getting enough sleep
  • Exercising regularly
  • Avoiding alcohol and smoking
  • Eating a healthy and balanced diet
  • Non-prescription painkillers such as ibuprofen or paracetamol

If these don’t work, or you’re still experiencing a significant impact on your day-to-day life, then then your HCA GP or gynaecological consultant might suggest other treatments such as:

The oral contraceptive pill: This can prevent you ovulating and reduces the changes in your hormone levels. 
Antidepressants: These can help if your PMS is causing anxiety or depression. 

You’ll be taken through every potential option and have time to talk over any questions or concerns. 

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Accessing private health care

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Self-pay

You don’t need health insurance to be seen quickly. If you’re looking for a diagnosis or treatment and don’t want to wait, all of our private healthcare services – from private GP appointments through to surgery and aftercare – can be paid for as and when you need them.

And to give you peace of mind from the start, we’ll give you a clear and transparent quote outlining exactly what’s included in your self-pay package.

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Premenstrual Syndrome FAQ

There’s no precise way to say why some women experience more severe PMS than others, or how likely you are to develop symptoms. But some factors can make a significant difference:

  • Your age: PMS is more likely if you’re aged between 20 and 40
  • A history of anxiety or depression: If you suffer from any mental health conditions, you could be at risk of similar PMS symptoms.
  • Diet and alcohol use: Drinking too much alcohol or caffeine can make your PMS symptoms worse, and if your diet doesn’t have enough vitamins and minerals, that can be a factor too.

There are ways to manage all these potential risks, and your specialist will be able to offer specific, tailored advice. 

Other conditions don’t specifically cause PMS, but there are some that can have very similar symptoms:

  • PMDD (Premenstrual dysphoric disorder): This is a very severe form of PMS that can cause much more severe symptoms.
  • Endometriosis: This is when cells similar to those in your womb start growing in other parts of your body, and it can make menstruation more painful.
  • Anxiety or depression: These are mental health conditions but it's not unusual to experience them when you have PMS, or for PMS to make them more severe.
  • Thyroid problems: If your thyroid gland  is underactive or overactive, it can lead to tiredness, depression and changes in your weight.
  • Perimenopause: When you’re in the transition stage before , you might experience changes in your periods, low mood, or have trouble sleeping.  

Your PMS specialist might suggest some tests to rule some of these conditions out before diagnosing you with PMS, such as blood tests. They’ll talk to you in detail about any specific test options, so you’ll always know what to expect.  

We can help you manage your PMS in a way that makes a significant improvement to your day-to-day life. Making changes to your lifestyle can often bring real relief from PMS symptoms, but treatment or medication might also be a good option, depending on your specific circumstances. 

PMS symptoms are also likely to ease or disappear completely when you transition through menopause, because your periods will stop.
PMS doesn’t cause any long-term physical complications or have lasting effects on your body. But that doesn’t reduce the possibility of it being a difficult experience. There’s no need to suffer with PMS, and we are here to help. Get in touch with one of our GPs or specialists to discuss your next steps.

HCA UK’s services mean women are able to access tailored care and treatment plans that they deserve, at a time to suit them.

Ms Lubna Haque
Consultant Gynaecologist and Obstetrician at HCA UK

This content is intended for general information only and does not replace the need for personal advice from a qualified health professional.