Ovarian cysts

The formation of fluid-filled sacs on the ovaries. While most are benign and resolve on their own, some can cause symptoms or require treatment.

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About ovarian cysts

The ovaries play a vital role in the female reproductive system. Not only do they release eggs every 28 days or so, they also release certain hormones which are key to reproduction. The ovaries can often develop cysts, or fluid-filled sacs and usually only causes symptoms if it splits (ruptures), is very large or twists and then blocks the blood supply to the ovaries.

In these cases, you may experience symptoms including:

pelvic pain – this can range from a dull, heavy sensation to a sudden, severe and sharp pain
pain during sex
difficulty emptying your bowels
a frequent need to urinate
heavy periods, irregular periods or lighter periods than normal
bloating and a swollen tummy
feeling very full after only eating a little
difficulty getting pregnant – although fertility is usually unaffected by ovarian cysts

If you have symptoms of an ovarian cyst you can see a GP or Gynaecologist who can investigate your symptoms.

Investigating your symptoms

Diagnosing ovarian cysts

If your GP or consultant suspect you may have ovarian cysts, you will probably be referred for an ultrasound scan.

If a cyst is identified during the scan, you may need to have this monitored with a repeat ultrasound scan in a few weeks, your GP may refer you to a gynaecologist who specialises in female reproductive health.

If there's any concern that your cyst could be cancerous, the doctor will also arrange blood tests to look for high levels of chemicals that can indicate ovarian cancer, and refer you to an oncology gynaecologist. If your investigations show high levels, it does not necessarily mean you have cancer, high levels can also be caused by non-cancerous conditions, such as: