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Keeping your hands and feet warm in winter – a cardiologist’s view
When temperatures drop over the winter months, it’s common for many of us to feel the chill in our hands and feet. However, if a cold sensation persists, it could be indicative of a more serious underlying condition. Dr Sam Firoozi, Consultant Interventional Cardiologist at The Harley Street Clinic, shares his advice on how to spot the warning signs.
What impact does the cold weather have on our extremities?
Our autonomic nervous system is responsible for regulating the blood circulation to our hands and feet. In warmer weather, this system widens our blood vessels in a process called vasodilation, which encourages more blood flow to help cool us down. In colder months, the opposite is true – this system constricts the small blood vessels in our peripheries, such as our hands and feet, which restricts blood flow. This process, called vasoconstriction, helps to maintain heat and body temperature in cold weather.
Which medical conditions are linked to unusually cold extremities?
People who have an exaggerated response of their autonomic nervous system might have a condition called Raynaud’s phenomenon.
Raynaud’s phenomenon can be very uncomfortable or painful because not only is circulation poorer, but in some cases circulation can shut down completely. It can usually be identified by discolouration in the fingertips which can cause them to turn white or blue.
Raynaud’s can be commonly associated with other conditions, including scleroderma, rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), which is an autoimmune condition.
In some cases, Raynaud’s phenomenon can be triggered by certain medications. Beta blockers, for example, which are a kind of cardiac medication, have been associated with the condition because they work by blocking certain receptors.
Can you describe the warning signs that signal it is time to see a doctor?
Usually, the cold or numb feeling we experience in cold weather is temporary, returning to normal once we are inside or add layers to warm up. If you experience extreme discolouration in your extremities (for example fingertips) that takes a long time to correct, it’s always best to seek medical advice. Any permanent discolouration or changes in the appearance of your fingertips and nails is not normal and should be reviewed by a clinician.
In addition to appearance, pain is a strong indicator to seek medical attention. Initially, you might experience a burning sensation which can develop into a throbbing pain.
To help your doctor understand your symptoms better, I would encourage you to take photos of any changes you are observing. This will allow you to discuss the patterns you are experiencing.
Do you have any tips for boosting circulation during winter months?
Keep your hands warm by wearing gloves or protecting them in your pockets. You can also purchase gel or wheat hand and pocket warmers, which can be warmed in the microwave.
If you are diagnosed with Raynaud’s, there are some prescription medicines available to support your symptoms, like calcium blockers to improve the opening of your blood vessels in your extremities.
Click here to find out more about heart care at HCA UK. If you have concerns about your circulation or general heart health, you can book an appointment with one of our experts by calling +44 (0)20 7616 4988.