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Unicompartmental osteoarthritis of the knee is a degenerative condition in which the cartilage in one part of your knee wears away. Your knee cartilage absorbs shock and stops your bones from rubbing together, so when it’s worn, it causes pain in your knee. That affects only one part of the knee, leaving the other regions healthy.
To understand why you might experience unicompartmental osteoarthritis, it’s important to look at the anatomy of the knee joint. Your knee connects three bones: the femur (thigh bone), patella (kneecap) and tibia (shin bone). Two protruding lumps on the bottom of your femur (femoral condyles) make up the top of the knee. The bottom of your knee is made up of the upper tibia (the tibial plateau) and the kneecap sits in front.
As well as the three bones, there are three compartments in your knee, the medial compartment, the lateral compartment and the patellofemoral compartment. When we refer to ‘unicompartmental osteoarthritis’, it means that just one of the compartments is damaged. It can happen in any compartment but is most commonly found in the medial compartment.
Unicompartmental osteoarthritis is caused by the cartilage within your joint wearing away. Cartilage stops your bones from rubbing together and acts as a shock absorber in the joint. It can thin over time, however, resulting in your joint feeling painful or stiff and your range of motion being restricted. If this happens and non-surgical options have been exhausted, you might need a partial knee replacement.
“With hindsight, I should have dealt with my knee problems a long time ago. I’d say to anyone else in my position that if you’re not sure about anything, you should seek the help of a specialist.”
This content is intended for general information only and does not replace the need for personal advice from a qualified health professional.