Dr. Nicholas James Lees is a graduate of the University of Leicester medical school. He completed his anaesthesia training in London on the Central Thames rotation, along with a focus on intensive care medicine as part of the pan-London deanery. In 2009, Dr. Lees attained his dual certificate of completion of training (CCT).

Specializing in cardiothoracic anesthesia, he completed his specialist training at Papworth Hospital and later served as a locum consultant at St George's Hospital. Dr. Lees holds accreditations from the British Society of Echocardiography and the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging for transoesophageal echocardiography.

Clinical interests for Dr. Lees encompass ECMO, blood conservation, and echocardiography. He holds the European Diploma in Intensive Care and is a Fellow of the Faculty of Intensive Care (UK).

Beyond his clinical work, Dr. Lees has been actively engaged in research, contributing to numerous peer-reviewed research papers, reviews, and book chapters.

Dr. Lees' areas of expertise include:

• Cardiothoracic anaesthetics
• Critical care
• Use of transoesophageal echocardiography

It is important that HCA is transparent about our relationship with those doctors who provide us with clinical guidance on delivering the best possible care to patients and operating our hospitals safely and efficiently. We set out here some of the ways in which we work together and the amount we pay this doctor for such services.