Muscle strains and sprains

Need to know

• What are the symptoms of muscle strains or sprains? icon plus

  Muscle strains happen as a result of muscle fibres stretching beyond their limit. There are different severity levels and symptoms:

  Severity

  • Grade 1: affects a few fibres and can heal between 2-3 weeks
  • Grade 2: affects more muscle fibres and can be very painful; takes up to six weeks to heal
  • Grade 3: muscle tissue rupture; recovery can be up to three months

  Symptoms

  • muscle pain
  • muscle spasms and cramps
  • muscle weakness
  • muscle swelling and inflammation

  The hamstrings and the back can be particularly vulnerable.

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  Muscle sprains refer to a ligament tear or stretching, such as a twisted ankle. Symptoms include:

  • swelling/bruising
  • pain/discomfort
  • restriction of movement in the area

• How are muscle injuries diagnosed? icon plus

  Your consultant will discuss your symptoms with you to help make a diagnosis. Tests we offer to diagnose joint inflammation and swelling include:

  • a physical examination to understand the extent of the injury
  • X-rays to assess and/or rule out broken bones

• Potential treatment options icon plus

  Your consultant will discuss your treatment options and help to determine the best approach for you. Treatment options might include:

  • physiotherapy course relevant to your specific injury
  • pain relief medication - if required, you may be given crutches to assist with walking
  • surgery may be considered for a torn ligament or ruptured muscle

  Your consultant will discuss these treatment options with you in detail during the diagnosis process.